![]() ![]() There has been an uninterrupted use of carbonaceous adsorbents since biblical times (Old Testament, Num. To ensure a thorough review of each topic, the data for each type of adsorbent were considered and reported separately.Ĭarbon and other adsorbents in various forms have been used for the treatment of water and as detoxifying pharmaceutical agents in medicine for many centuries. ![]() The subcommittee was confronted by a continual flow of new data and the need for postulation and interpretation. Where possible, stress was placed on studies of chemicals at nanogram to microgram per liter concentrations, which are typically found in drinking water. Studies that met established criteria for quality assurance and completeness of data were used as primary sources by the subcommittee. A large and diverse segment of the scientific literature, particularly that concerning recent European experience, was scrutinized. The subcommittee considered the ability of adsorbents to remove organic compounds of concern to health and the possible products of the adsorption process. Its scope of work included a review of work on:Īnalytical methods to monitor adsorption processes The subcommittee reviewed the pertinent literature and rigorously assessed the scientific data base. During the subcommittee's study, the EPA held hearings and received written comments regarding this treatment. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the option of choice for the control of "synthetic organic chemicals" in drinking water. The use of GAC under specified conditions was proposed by the U.S. Different raw materials and manufacturing processes produce final products with different adsorption characteristics. The subcommittee defined ''activated carbon" as a family of carbonaceous substances that are characterized primarily by their surface area, pore size distribution, and sorptive and catalytic properties. The development of standards for GAC and the economic aspects of its use was not a part of this study. Some attention is given to an examination of the potential health effects related to the use of these adsorbents, but detailed toxicological and epidemiological implications resulting from the presence of organic compounds in drinking water are considered in separate chapters of Drinking Water and Health, Volume 3. This chapter contains the findings of the Subcommittee on Adsorption of the National Research Council's Safe Drinking Water Committee, which studied the efficacy of granular activated carbon (GAC) and related adsorbents in the treatment of drinking water. ![]()
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